Hemoglobinometer.



'No. 871,542. PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907.

' I RrLfWAT KINSL HBMOGLOBINOMETBR.. APPLICATION FILED APR-.11. 1996.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' l TTOIIHEYS 7N0. 871,542- PA'I'ENTED' NOV. 19, 1907.

R. L. WATKINS.

HEMOGLOBINOMBTER. urmcinon rrnnnjrn. 11. 1906.

2 units-81mm a I llll l mm TOR RabmtLIlkt/a'ns er I M ATTORNEYS ROBERTL. WATKINS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HEMOGLOBINOMETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 19, 1907.

Application filed April 11. 1906. Serial No. 311365.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT L. WATKINS, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county of New Yorkand State of New York, have invented a certain new and usefulHemoglobinometer, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus for testing blood, and moreparticularly to an apparatus for determining the percentage ofhemoglobin in the bloody One embodiment of the invention comprises arotatable member of a selected color, a dial or scale, and an adjustablemember of a different color from that of the rotatable member, andcontacting therewith, said adjustable member being adapted to cover moreor less of the colored surface of the rotatable member, the whole beingadapted for continuous rotation. When the device is operated, thecontrasting colors of the aforesaid members will appear to blend whenthe parts are rotated at a certain speed, whereby a drop of blood to betested may be compared with the apparently blended color of the rotatingdevices, and the percentage of hemoglobin determined by reference to thescale when the blended color of said rotative apparatus appears to theeye tobe the same as that of the blood undergoing the test.

In another embodiment of the invention, the rotatable member is mountedon a hollow spindle which is adapted to be placed on a shaft, the latterbeing driven by a suitable motor, whereby the device may be connectedremovably to said shaft. The colored part of the rotatable member has aradial slot,

and between the base and the said slotted member is fitted theadjustable member, the latter being capable of adjustment through theaforesaid slot for the purpose of covering -more or less of the surfaceof the colored rojustable member relative to the scale indicating thepercentage of the hemoglobin in the blood.

A further feature of the invention involves means for adjusting onecolor member relative to the other while the members are in motion, thusmaking it unnecessary to stop the device for the purpose of adjustment,and

thereby providing means whereby the per-' another member controllable bythe endwise adjustment of the shaft so as to cover more or less of thecolored surface of the first named member, whereby the blended color ofthe two rotating members may be changed Without stopping the device.

In the drawingsFigure 1 is a side elevation of a complete apparatuswherein the testing device 1s adapted to be driven electrically; Fig. 2is a plan view showing one form of my improved testing device; Fig. 3 isanother plan view showing the rotary member, the adjustable member beingomitted; Fig. 4 is a vertical cross section on the line 44 of Fig. 2;Fig. 5 is a plan view of the adjustable member; Fig. 6 is a sideelevation of a testing device wherein the adjustable part may be shiftedwhile the rotary device is in motion; Fig. 7 is a plan view of onerotary member of the testing device; Fig. 8 is a plan view of the otherrotary member of said testing device; Fig. 9 is a side elevation of thedevice shown by Fig. 8; and Fig. 10 is a detail perspective view of ameans for adjusting the device shown by Figs. 8 and 9.

I Will first describe the construction of the I Said rim is providedcess b, and the rim is, furthermore, provided with graduations. on itsupper face, said graduations being calibrated to read from 1 to 100, thecalibrations being in groups of 5 five, for conveniently reading thescale C. The calibration of the scale is arbitrary, 100 being su posedto represent the color of healthy b ood, with a high percentage of thered corpuscles.

device which is in the form of a disk fitted wlthin the recess 1) of therim, and arranged parallel to the base A. The member D may be attachedto the rim in any suitable or approved way, so that it will rotate withthe base, said member being fixed relative to the base. The member D hasits exposed upper \surface colored, substantially, to the hue of bloodhaving a low percentage of the red corpuscles, and in practice I havefound a salmon color to answer the purpose of the invention, although itwill be understood I do not desire to confine myself to this particularshade or tint for the member D.

By reference to Fig. 4, it will be seen that the member D is a shortdistance above the base A to leave a narrow space between said member,D, and the aforesaid base. The member D is provided with a central open30. mg d, and a radial slot (Z, the latter extending outwardly from theopening (2, substantially to the edge of the member D.

F designates an adjustable member which consists of a disk of pliablematerial, sub stantially in the form shown by Fig. 5. Said disk Fconstitutes the other member of the testing device, and it is essentialthat this disk shall be of a color which contrasts with that of themember D. The disk or member F is preferably of a deep red color, correpuscles; in fact, I prefer to use a disk or. member F having a deep redcolor repre-j senting a standard color of the blood which is rated at100 percent. central opening f, and a radial slit f, thus enabling theedges of the disk adjacent to the slit f to be easily separated. Saiddisk .F is fitted between the base A and the member .D, whereby it isheld or confined on parts A, D, so as to make it rotate with theaforesaid parts without disturbing its position. The member or disk Fmay be housed or contained wholly within the rim B, and the member D,but one edge of the member vF may be separated along the line of theslit K f, and drawn through the radial slot (1 of the member D. Thisconstruction enables the standard color disk or member F to be withdrawnmore or less from beneath the slotted member D, whereby the member Fwhen partly withdrawn may overlie the member D to any desired extent,as, for

example, the member F may be withdrawn.

D indicates one member of the testing The disk F has a to coverthree-fourths of the surface of the member D, as shown by Fig. 2-,although when the device is not in use said member F may lie whollywithin or below said member D, as in Fig. 3. The member- F is adjustedby turning it within the rim B of the testing device, and the radialexposed edge of this the eye as a single blend. As shown, the de- I viceis provided with a thimble, or sleeve G, which may be attached to, themember D, in which case the base A has an opening a, whereby the testingdevice may he slipped upon a motor driven shaft H, as in Fig. 1. Thesleeve G may, however, be attached or connected with the base A in anysuitable or preferred way, and, if desired, any other means may beadopted for mounting the testing device on a suitable shaft.

In Fig. 1, the shaft H is provided with a collar h, on which is adaptedto rest the base A of the testing device. The shaft is driven by anelectric motor I, the field of which is energized by the current from abattery J, suitable conductors 7' being provided for conveying thecurrent from the battery to the field of the motor. The motor with thetesting device mounted thereon is adapted to be placed in a chamber J ofa suitable receptacle J when it is not desired to use the apparatus,but, as shown by Fig. 1, the motor and the testing device may bewithdrawn from the chamber J and placed upon the receptacle J thusdisposing the apparatus'for convenient observation.

To use my device, the motor I is placed on the receptacle J and thetesting device is fitted on the shaft H, so that the base A will engagewith the collar h. blood to be tested is deposited on white blottingpaper or its equivalent, and the disk or member F is withdrawn partlythrough the slot d of the member D, thus making a partof the disk Fcover the disk D. Rotary motion is given to the testing device by themotor shaft, and when said device rotates at a certain speed the colorsof the members D, F, will appear to the eye to blend into one color.Comparison is made by the operator of the blended color of the testingdevice with the blood under examination, and if there is an apparentdifference between the two colors the testing device is withdrawn fromthe motor shaft, and the disk or member F adjusted over the member D,more or A drop of the V the exposed radial edge of the member l beingused as an index.

It is evident that the disk F may require adjustment a number of timesbefore the operator can deter-.

mine the percentage of hemoglobin in he blood.

Although I have shown and described my testing device as adapted to bedriven by an electric motor, it will be understood that any other formof motor, such as a spring driven clock motor, or a weight dr.ven motormay be employed.

In Figs. 6 to 10, inclusive, I have represented another embodiment ofthe invention wherein the adjustable member may be shifted over thecompanion member without stopping the rotation of the testing device.Said embodiment of the invention discloses an electrically dr ven motorI, the shalt H of which is provided with a collar. Above this collar,the shaft H is polygonal or square, as at h, and on the square part ofthe shaft is a member K, the surface of which is salmoncolored, or anyother appropriate color may be given thereto. Said member has a squareopening 7c, which enables it to fit on the square part h of the shaft H,thus insuring :the rotation of the member K with the shaft.

- preferably, four in number.

L designates a hollow shat having an axial bore m, which is square incrosssection,

whereby said hollow shaft fits snugly to the square part it of themotor, for the purpose of making the shaft L rotate with said motorshaft, and, at the same time, allow it to be adjusted endwise thereon.The shaft L is provided near its lower part with a stud or pin 0, andthe upper part of the shaft has an annular groove 0 between concentricflanges 0 see Fig. 10.

P designates an adjustable member provided with a sleeve or hub Q, themember and the sleeve being in one piece, or united rigidlyto each otherin any approved way. The member P is in the form of a disk, colored tothe hue of the standard blood color, thus making the member Pcontrasting in color to the member K. Said member P is of pliablematerial, and it has a plurality of radial slits or incisions p, thusdividing the member P into a plurality of quadrant the edges of thewings P are adapted to be separated along the slits p, for the purposeof partially withdrawing said wings P of the member P through the radialslots 7c in the upper part of the member K, whereby the wings P maypartially overlie the colored surface of the member K. The sleeve Q isrovided with a spiral slot (1, and said sleeve is fitted on the shaft Lbelow the collar 0", whereby the stud 0 of said shaft L fits in theslots (1., for the purpose of operatively connecting the parts L, Thesleeve Q and the member P are made to rotate with the shaft L and themember K, but the part L is adapted to have endwise movement withrespect to the part Q, whereby the stud 0 is adapted to operate on theedges of the spiral slot q, for the purpose of turning the sleeve Q moreor less on the endwise movable member L, whereby the adjustment of saidmember L operates to turn the sleeve Q and the member P, for the purposeof making the wings P cover more or less of the surface of the member K.

In Fig. 6 I have shown one embodiment of means for giving endwiseadjustment to the shaft or member L, without stopping the motor and thetesting device. An arm it has pivotal connection'at r, with the frame ofthe apparatus, said pivot 1" being in the form of a clamping screw. Thearm R is formed with a bar 8, which is graduated to produce the scale S,the latter being calibrated to read from 15 to 100. On the arm lt ismounted a combined adjusting lever and index T, the latter being pivotedas at t, on the arm R, to provide a short arm i, and another arm t Theshort arm t is forked to embrace the grooved part 0 of the member L,said fork of the arm I." being provided with a pin or studs u, adaptedto 'lit in the groove 0. V traverse the scale S, and to serve as anindex. With the index T adjusted to the upper part of the scale S, thewings P of the member P are exposed very little above the slotted memberK, whereby the blended color of the contrasting member K, P, willindicate a low percentage of hemoglobin in the blood under examination.Should the blended color of the testing device be below the color of theblood under examination, the operator may move the lever T, so as toraise the member L, and make its stud 0 o erate on the slotted sleeve Qto turn the atter, whereby the wings P of said member P will beprojected further through the slots k of the member K. It is evidentthat the wings P may be made to overlap the member K to any desiredextent, without stopping the rotation of the testing device, and theadjustment of the member P will be indicated by the index i,

for the purpose of reading the percentage of I one of said rotatablemembers for partially hemoglobin on the scale S.

Changes in the form, size, proportion, and minor details in constructionmay be made without departing from the spirit of the invention orsacrificing any of the advantages thereof, and I, therefore, reservetheright to make such alterations andmodifications as fairly fall Withinthe scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. In a device of the class described, twocontrasting color members adapted to be adjusted relatively to eachother so as to eX- pose variable parts of each member, means forrotating the members, and means for indicating the relative adjustmentof the members While said members are rotating.

2. In a device of the class described, rotatable members of contrastingcolors, one member being adjustable relative to the other, means foradjusting one member Without arresting the members, and meansindependent of the color members for indicating the relative adjustmentof said members.

3. In a device of the class described, rotatable members of contrastingcolors, said members being in contact and one of them being adjustablerelative to the other, means for adjusting one member Without arrestingthe members, and means for indicating the said adjustment.

4. In a device of the class described, rotatable members of contrastingcolors, one member having a plurality of slots and the other memberbeing provided with Wings which are movable in said slots.

5. In a device of the class described, rotatable members contrasting incolor, normally revolving at the same speed, and adjustable relative toone another, means for securing such adjustment while the members are inmotion, and means for indicating the relative adjustment of saidmembers.

6. In a device of the class described, rotatable members of contrastingcolors, the said members being adjustable relative to each other, and athird member cooperating with moving it around its aXis, therebyadjusting it relative to the other rotatable member while both of therotatable members are revolving.

7. In a device of the class described, rotatable members of contrastingcolors and adjustable with respect to each other, means rotating withsaid members for adjusting one relative to the other, and means forindicat+ ing such relative adjustment of the members.

8. In a device of the class described, rota-, table members adjustablerelative to one an-, other, means for adjusting one member relative tothe other, and means for indicating such relative adjustment of themembers.

9. In a device of the class described, concentric sleeves connected forsimultaneous rotation, means for turning one sleeve by the endwisemovement of the other, and rotatable members of contrasting colors, oneof said members being adjusted by the turning movement of the aforesaidsleeve, andmeans for indicating the relative adjustment of one member tothe other member.

10. In a device of the class described, concentric parts, means forturning one of said parts by the endwise movement of the other part, arotatable slotted member, another rotatable member connected with theturning part, and indicating means for giving endwise movement to theaforesaid part.

11. A hemoglobinometer comprising two contrasting color memberscontacting with each other and adapted to be adjusted relatively to eachother, automatic means for continuously rotating said members at thesame speed, said automatic means being provided with a shaft, a hollowspindle carrying one of said color members and supported by said shaft,and means for indicating the relative adjustment of said members.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT L. WATKINS.

Witnesses: JAS. H. GRIFFIN, H. I. BERNHARD.

